曾經(jīng)一直在尋找電動汽車充電習慣方面的研究,一直沒有很好的收獲。這次在IWC的11年8月底的會議之中,有一個是描述《Customer Charging Behavior》Morgan Davis—Infrastructure Working Council -August 30, 2011。這個研究的具體的內(nèi)容,大家可以自己去細看,不過一些東西這里需要挑出來。 以前看到的很多的美國人每日行駛距離,其數(shù)據(jù)來源于《Summary of Travel Trends: 2009 National Household Travel Survey》PDF 和XLSX,在NHTS的網(wǎng)站上有著不少的參考資料和論文,感興趣的可以看看。所有的充電習慣的研究,其實是基于汽車駕駛習慣之上的,這張圖應(yīng)該比較原始。 ![]() 在確定了這個參數(shù)以后,其實是很有意義的數(shù)據(jù)。確定汽車停在哪里,其實也是一個很重要的數(shù)據(jù),在下面這張圖里頭,給出了一部汽車的時間分配的統(tǒng)計數(shù)字。 ![]() 然后在文件之中,進行了方法的介紹,主要研究不同的模式對于充電設(shè)施與車的關(guān)系,包括充電功率、充電模式和功率負荷等圖形,具體不摘錄了,以一圖為例: ![]() ![]() 結(jié)論: Short driving distances generally mean small charging needs. 純電動汽車的局限,使得PHEV和EREV會發(fā)展較快,這些車對于充電基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的依賴度要小很多。 Shared charger model may be ideal for non-BEV vehicles. ![]() 這種多頭充電機,其實是共享一定的電流的,照這樣的結(jié)論,對于電池較小的PHEV和EREV而言是有很大意義的,投資電力設(shè)施上比較便宜并節(jié)約了空間。 Vehicles generally are parked much longer than they actually charge. This decreases the charger utilization and prevents others from needing it. 傳導(dǎo)式充電必然的缺點,你很難人為去轉(zhuǎn)移充電車位的插頭。即使是無線充電,也僅僅有些改善。 Applying some “cost” to charging has the most drastic reduction in charger use, and increase in charger utilization. 免費和不免費,這個問題太naive!!!! For some vehicles, it does not matter what the availability of charging is, needs still will not be met. This is where fast charging becomes necessary. 快充的價值,其實想都能想得出來。 Increased charger utilization may provide better business case models for EVSE ownership (work in progress…) EVSE的投資,看上去還是很光明的。 其他可以參考的文檔: 1.《Travel behaviour of potential Electric Vehicle drivers._The need for charging.》 A contribution to the Edison project Linda Christensen1, Anders Vedsted N?rrelund, Allan Olsen——DTU Transport, Danish Technical University 2. 《An Assessment of the Price Impacts of Electric Vehicles on the PJM Market 》A joint study by PJM and Better Place Stephen J. Schneider a, Rob Bearman a, Hugh McDermott a, Xu Xu b, Scott Benner b, and Ken Huber b 3. 《Electric Vehicle Behaviors: Adoption and Charge Times》 Patricia Thompson, JD、Tom Osterhus, MS/MBA, PhD、Duke Energy Evaluation Manager |